Economic Development of Japan after World War II Essay

Monetary Development of Japan after World War II - Essay Example This article presents a complete chronicled examination of the purposes for the Japanese post-war financial marvel. Japan was among the couple of nations that endured the brunt of the Second World War. The nuclear bombs that hit Japan’s urban communities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki didn't simply leave rubbles yet additionally embodied the impact of the war in the nation. All things considered, after the war, Japan encountered a fast monetary blast. Not long after the war, the Japanese government executed viable outside connection strategies, which upgraded the country’s communication with different nations. Key among the nations was the United States. The costs of the war took steps to disable the economy of Japan. The post war swelling combined with its intrinsic joblessness undermined the solidness of the nation. Be that as it may, the United States shaped neighborly binds with the nation by setting base in the nation with the view to keeping up the spreading impact of the Soviet Union. The US gave the nation enormous measures of cash to assist it with restocking and fortify its military in this manner shield its outskirts from the Korean animosity. The cash redid financial movement in the nation as the nation made enormous scope acquisition of military hardware from both neighborhood and remote organizations. Such government spending improved the liquidity of the economy consequently padding the nation from the post war swelling. The US encouraged the consideration of Japan into the GATT however as a transitory part, which improved its relationship with other western nations.

Effect on the Economy free essay sample

Francis Mr. Joseph English 12 26 November 2012 War: Effect on Economy War has affected financial history significantly across existence. Champs of wars have molded financial foundations and exchange designs. Wars have affected innovative turns of events. Most importantly, repeating war has depleted riches, disturbed markets, and discouraged efficient development. Wars are costly (in cash and different assets), dangerous (of capital and human capital), and troublesome (of exchange, asset accessibility, work the executives). Huge wars make up serious stuns to the economies of taking an interest nations. In spite of some positive parts of transient incitement and long haul annihilation and modifying, war for the most part obstructs financial turn of events and sabotages riches. A few explicit monetary impacts of war repeat across authentic times and districts. Next swelling, the most predictable transient monetary impact of war is to push up costs, and therefore to diminish expectations for everyday comforts. This war-actuated expansion was depicted in antiquated China by the specialist Sun Tzu: Where the military is, costs are high; when costs raise the abundance of the individuals is depleted (Tzu Sun, c. 00 BCE) His recommendation was to keep wars short and have the cash close by before collecting a military. Paying for wars is a focal issue for states (see War Finance). This was particularly obvious in early current Europe (fifteenth to eighteenth hundreds of years), when war depended intensely on soldier of fortune powers. The lord of Spain was prompted that taking up arms required three things cash, cash, and more cash. Spain and Portugal imported silver and gold from America to pay for armed forces, however in such huge amounts that the estimation of these metals in the end disintegrated. One way governments pay for war is to raise charges (which thus lessens non military personnel spending and speculation). U. S. progressive Thomas Paine cautioned in 1787 that war has yet one thing certain, and that is to increment charges. Another approach to pay for war is to acquire cash, which expands government obligation, however war-related obligations can drive states into chapter 11 as they did to Spain in 1557 and 1596. A third method to subsidize war is to print more cash, which fills swelling. Swelling hence regularly goes about as an aberrant hatchet on a national economy to back war. Modern fighting, and particularly the two World Wars, made inflationary weights across enormous economies. Progressively, governments activated whole social orders for war recruiting work, offering up costs in business sectors for normal assets and modern merchandise, and redirecting capital and innovation from regular citizen to military applications. World War I caused ruinous swelling as members parted from the best quality level and gave cash openly. Expansion additionally went with the U. S. Common War, World War II, and the Vietnam War, among others. War-initiated swelling, albeit most grounded in combat areas, reaches out to far off belligerents, for example, the United States in the World Wars, and, in significant wars, even to unbiased nations, attributable to exchange interruption and shortcomings. Present-day wars keep on energizing expansion and drive monetary standards towards uselessness. In Angolas common war (1975-2002), for instance, the administration cash turned out to be futile to such an extent that an option hard money containers of brew came to supplant it in numerous day by day exchanges. Notwithstanding emptying cash and assets out of members economies, most wars make zones of exceptional annihilation of capital, for example, homesteads, industrial facilities, and urban areas. These impacts seriously discourage financial yield. The starvation and plague that went with the Thirty Years War (1618-48) murdered as much as 33% of Germanys populace, as soldiers of fortune looted regular citizens and regular folks became hired soldiers to attempt to endure. World War I decreased French creation by almost half, kept hundreds from a large number of Germans to death, and prompted over a time of lower Soviet yield. One gauge put World War Is absolute expense at $400 billion five times the benefit of everything in France and Belgium at that point. Fight setbacks, war-initiated pandemics, and other segment disturbances have extensive impacts. World War I added to the 1918 flu pestilence that murdered millions. Military powers in East Africa may have started the episode of what turned into a worldwide AIDS scourge. Quincy Wright assesses that in any event 10 percent of passings in present day development can be credited straightforwardly or in a roundabout way to war (Wright, 1942). The U. S. time of increased birth rates after World War II proceeds with decades later to shape monetary arrangement discusses running from school spending plans to government managed savings. Wars likewise incidentally shake up sex relations (among other segment factors), as when men venture out from home and ladies take war occupations to recharge the work power, as in the Soviet Union, Britain, and the United States during World War II. Nations that can battle wars past their outskirts evade the most exorbitant decimation (however not different expenses of war). For instance, the Dutch towards the finish of the Thirty Years War, the British during the Napoleonic Wars, the Japanese in World War I, and the Americans in both World Wars delighted in this relative protection from wars annihilation, which in the interim debilitated their monetary adversaries. Likewise, similarly as wars expenses and results influence monetary conditions and advancement, so too do financial conditions and development influence war. Causality runs in the two headings. For instance, Dutch financial qualities in the mid seventeenth century permitted quick and modest creation of boats, including warships. The subsequent maritime military favorable position thusly upheld Dutch significant distance exchange. The riches got from that exchange, thus, let the Netherlands pay and train an expert standing armed force, which effectively protected the Netherlands from the ruinous Thirty Years War. This insurance thus let the Dutch extend a lot of world exchange to the detriment of war-scarred opponents. In this manner the advancements of fighting and of world monetary history are interwoven. War is the proximal reason for the repetitive inflationary spikes that divide 50-year Kondratieff waves on the planet economy. Those waves themselves keep on being dubious. Nonetheless, they may have some prescient incentive to the degree they explain the recorded connections among war and military spending from one viewpoint, and expansion and monetary development on the other. The 1990s for the most part followed an anticipated long-wave period of supported low swelling, recharged development, and decreased extraordinary force military clash. In the event that this example were to proceed, the coming decade would see proceeded with solid development yet new upward weights on military spending and strife, in the long run prompting another episode of expansion in the incredible force economies. Since researchers don't concur on the component or even the presence of long financial waves, nonetheless, such projections are of more scholastic than down to earth intrigue. The connection between military spending and monetary development has likewise created debate. In spite of its siphon preparing potential in explicit conditions, as during the 1930s, military spending for the most part acts to slow financial development, since it occupies capital and work from progressively gainful venture, (for example, in streets, schools, or essential exploration). During the Cold War, high ilitary spending contributed (among different causes) to the monetary stagnation of the Soviet Union and the breakdown of North Korea, though low military spending comparative with GDP added to Japans development and advancement. During the 1990s, as genuine military spending overall fell by around 33%, the United States and others harvested a harmony profit in continued extension. In any case, impacts of military spending are long haul, and sharp decreases don't bring snappy help, as Russias experience since 1991 illustrates. The worldwide North-South gap an unmistakable element of the world economy is exacerbated by war. The many wars presently in progress overall structure a circular segment from the Andes through Africa to the Middle East and Caucasus, to South and Southeast Asia. In a portion of the universes most unfortunate nations, for example, Sudan and Afghanistan, endemic fighting blocks monetary turn of events and produces crushing neediness, which thus heightens clashes and powers fighting. To finish up, you have found out about the great and terrible things of war consequences for the economy. War has depleted riches, upset markets, and discouraged efficient development. Be that as it may, the victors of these wars frequently were remunerated from these wars. War is awful by and large; I feel that war ought to be the last alternative for any nation. Works Cited Washigntonsblog. â€Å"Proof that war is terrible for the economy. † 24 Feb. 2012. lt; http://www. washingtonsblog. com/2012/02/exposing the-legend that-war-is-useful for-the-economy-for the last time. htmlgt;. Symonds, Peter. â€Å"US compensation over war†. 7 Oct. 2012. lt; http://www. globalresearch. ca/us-compensation financial war-on-iran/5307485. gt; lt; http://www. joshuagoldstein. com/jgeconhi. htm. gt; lt;upsky2. triod. com/science/financial aspects/waraffectseconomy. html. gt; lt;Www, joshuagoldstein. com/igeconhi. htm. gt;

Sundays :: Personal Narrative Child Abuse Essays

Sundays My mom has consistently carried on with her life helping other people. That is the reason it shocked no one when she set out on a one lady journey to transform her kids into energetic volunteers and general bidders of cooperative attitude. Around the age of ten, she concluded that it was the ideal opportunity for me to step out and do my part to begin sparing the world. At that point, being a consistently legend was the keep going thing at the forefront of my thoughts, and in my eyes it was considerably more of an errand than a chance. As time went on be that as it may, it made me fully aware of my own life and the lives of others. â€Å"It’s bravo; it will keep you out of trouble;† those were her acclaimed words. So on life went, as I went through a seemingly endless amount of time after year testing the difficult situations of one help venture after another. I had no way out. It was her conviction that I was to consistently be occupied. An actual existence invested squandering my energy away having a ton of fun was simply not adequate. She even ventured to such an extreme as to sign me up to serve my time in the neighborhood modest community library in Sandy Pond, New York, while we were there in the midst of a get-away. I realized I was damned. As I got exhausted with one anticipate, I would proceed onward to the following undertaking. In four years, I had gotten an enrolled volunteer in three libraries, a medical clinic, the Special Olympics, the New Times 10K, Grand Canyon State Games, a destitute sanctuary, and the Race for the Cure. In each new test, I was there more to satisfy my mom than to satisfy myself. Lost in the disorder of good deeds and administration hours, I in the end discovered a little association called the Child Crisis Center. Much the same as all the others, it began with the equivalent renowned expression. â€Å"It’s bravo; it will keep you out of trouble.† I can in any case recollect my first day. I went through the unending security entryways, and my nose scrunched with sickening apprehension from an odor that was a blend between a medical clinic and a playpen.

A financial Case Study of Sovereign Lodge

The Sovereign Lodge is an old, however great kept up possessions that has changed proprietorship a few times over the mature ages. It has no eating house or cantina. It is situated as a mid-value, great quality â€Å" finish † resort Lodge. The Sovereign Lodge is detached during the skiing season. It opens on December 2 and shuts the last twenty-four hours of March. The ski mountain it serves works on a permit from the territory which permits simply 120 yearss of activity for each twelvemonth. Every one of the 50 suites in the east wing rents for $ 15 for singular occupancy or $ 20 for double tenure. The west wing of the Lodge has 30 suites, all of which have emotional places of the skiing slants, the mountains, and the humble community. Board in this wing rent for $ 20 and $ 25 for individual or double tenure, severally. The mean occupancy rate during the season is around 80 % ( normally, the Lodge is full on ends of the week and standards 50 to 60 suites involved on hebdomad darks. ) The proportion of individual versus double tenure is 2:8, on standard. Working ramifications for the last budgetary twelvemonth are appeared in Exhibit 1. Mr. Kacheck, the executive of the Lodge, is worried about the slow time of year months, which show losingss every month and chop down the high overall gains announced during the season. He has recommended to the owners, who obtained the Lodge only at the terminal of the 2006 season, that to chop down the slow time of year losingss, they should hold to keep up the west wing of the Lodge runing all year. He appraises the mean occupancy rate for the slow time of year to be between 20 % and 40 % for the accompanying scarcely any mature ages. Kacheck estimations that with cautious taking care of the slow time of year support a 40 % tenure rate for the 30 suites during the slow time of year would be considerably more likely if the owners would execute $ 4,000 for commercial every twelvemonth ( $ 500 for every one of 8 months ) . There is no grounds to bespeak that the 2:8 proportion of individual versus dup licates would be diverse during the parity of the twelvemonth or in the great beyond. Ratess, by and by, would hold to be radically diminished. Present projects are to chop down them to $ 10 and $ 15 for singles and duplicates. The executive ‘s wage is paid more than a year. He goes about as an overseer of the establishments during the slow time of year what's more agreements a large portion of the fix and care work during that cut. Utilizing the west wing would non meddle with this work, yet would do an expected extra $ 2,000 for each twelvemonth for fix and care. Mrs. Kacheck is paid $ 20 a twenty-four hours for oversing the amahs and helping with registration. During the season, she works 7 yearss a hebdomad. The standard work area representative and every amah are paid on an everyday balance at the pace of $ 24 and $ 15 severally. The paysheet income improvements and other fringe benefits are around 20 % of the paysheet. In spite of the fact that devaluation and possessions income improvements would non be influenced by the assurance to keep up the West flying loosened, protection would increment by $ 500 for the twelvemonth. During the slow time of year, it is assessed that Mr. what's more, Mrs. Kacheck could deal with the forepart work area without an additional person. Mrs. Kacheck would, by the by, be paid for 5 yearss a hebdomad. The purifying supplies and half of the various disbursals ( room supplies ) are viewed as an immediate guide of the figure of suites involved. The other portion of the varying disbursals are fixed and would non change with year activity. Material is leased from a gracefully house and the expense other than relies upon the figure of suites involved, however is twice every piece a lot, on standard, for double tenure with respect to singular occupancy. The open help enterprises incorporate two focuses: phone and power. There is no power disbursal with the Lodge shut. With the Lodge working, power disbursal is a guide of the figure of suites accessible to the masses. Rooms should either be warmed or cooled. The phone measures for every one of the four occasional months were as per the following: 80 Telephones @ $ 3.00/month $ 240 Phone Basic Service Charge 50 $ 290 During the slow time of year, simply the essential help charge is paid. The month to month charge of $ 3 is pertinent just to dynamic phones. An additional feature of Mr. Kacheck ‘s proposition is that a secured and het pool be added to the Lodge. Mr.Kacheck accepts this would build the opportunity that the slow time of year occupancy rate would be over 30 % . Exact estimations are outlandish. It is felt that in spite of the fact that the winter occupancy rate will non be enormously influenced by including an indoor pool, at last such a pool will hold to be worked to stay even with the opposition. The expense of such a pool is evaluated to be $ 40,000. This entirety could be deteriorated more than 5 mature ages with no rescue esteem ( $ 15,000 of the $ 40,000 is for a plastic air pocket and the warming units, which would be utilized nine months of the twelvemonth ) . The solitary different expenses related with the pool are $ 400 every month for a lifeline, required by law during the bustling hours, additional protection and income improvements, assessed to be $ 1,200 ; warming expense of $ 1,000 ; and a yearly consi deration cost of $ 1,800. On the off chance that the pool were secured, a watchman would be required for a year. On the off chance that it is non secured, a watchman would be required just for 3 summer months ( from 15 June to 15 September, the hottest time of the twelvemonth ) , and there would be no warming disbursal.Exhibit 1 Sovereign LodgeOperating Statement, For the Fiscal Year finished 3/31/09 Grosss $ 160,800 Costs Wages Administrator $ 15,000 Manager ‘s Wife 2,400 Desk Clerk 2,880 House cleaners ( four ) 7,200 $ 27,480 Finance Taxes and Fringe Benefits 5,496 Devaluation ( 15 twelvemonth life ) 30,000 Property Taxs 4,000 Protection 3,000 Fixes and Maintenance 17,204 Cleaning Supplies 1,920 Utilities 6,360 Cloth Service 13.920 Enthusiasm on Mortgage ( 5 % inclusion rate ) 21,716 Arranged Expenses 7,314 Whole Expenses 138,410 Total compensation before Federal Income Taxes $ 22,390 Government Income Taxes ( 48 % ) 10,747 Net Profit $ 11,643 The six choices are Opening in the mid year, A with and without commercial, for every one of no pool, pool without bubble, pool with bubble.The Options are:Stay detached, no advertizement, and no pool. Remain detached, ad, no pool. Remain detached, no advertizement, and pool only. Remain detached, ad, and pool only. Remain detached, no advertizement, pool and air pocket. Remain loosened, promotion, pool and air pocket. A grid demoing steady fixed expenses for every one of the six alternatives and classs of cost covering, fixs, protection, Mrs. K, promotion, the pool, the air pocket, pool disbursals ( rather a couple classs here ) , phone, power, and amahs ( on the off chance that you think essential ) . Each figure in this lattice ought to be deliberately disclosed as though to a non-fund individual.Fixed costs for the slow time of year which is other than known as Incremental fixed cost:Manager ‘s wedded lady: she is paid only 5 yearss a hebdomad consequently, figure of yearss for which she is paidEntire yearss in the multi month term = ( 365-120 ) = 245 yearss Subsequently, figure of hebdomads in that period 245/7 = 35 hebdomads 35 ten 5 yearss = 175 yearss ( Mrs. Kacheck is paid only for 5 yearss a hebdomad ) 175 ten $ 20 = $ 3500 ( whole spent on Mrs. Kacheck ‘s wage )Maid ‘s wageAt least one amah is considered in the off extremum season and the choices in which notice is completed 2 amahs are taken.Maid is paid $ 15 for each twenty-four hours and for 245 yearss during the off extremum season 15 ten 245 = $ 3675 for each amah Sing 1 amah for 8 months results in the $ 3675 While for 2 amahs, 2 x $ 3675 = $ 7350Repair and care$ 2000 for 8 months ( referenced in the occasion overview ) Extra $ 1800 for the alternatives in which pool is considered.Utilities: ( Telephone + Electricity )Utilities cost = phone + power + warming ( in interchange 5 and 6 simply ) The phone and the power is the immediate guide of figure of suites accessible to the people it is considered for 30 suites. Phone for multi month 290 In this manner phone for 4 months = 290 * 4 = 1160 + 400 ( essential help charge for 8 months when all the line were shut accepting that the Lodge was shut for 8 months ) = $ 1560 Costs on phone for 8 months assuming that the 30 suites are accessible to the open = 30 x 3 = 90 + 50 ( fundamental assistance charge for east wing which is shut ) = $ 140 every month Consequently, for 8 months = 140 ten 8 = $ 1120Electricity:Hence by here we can figure the power disbursal for example = 6360 †1560 = $ 4800 Power disbursal for 80 suites for 120 yearss = 4800 Consequently power disbursal of per room per twenty-four hours = 4800/( 80*120 ) =0.5 per room per twenty-four hours Consequently for 30 suites for 245 yearss = 0.5 ten 30 ten 245 = $ 3675 What's more, warming disbursal will be $ 1000 ( any place pool and air pocket is incorporated for example in interchange 5 and 6 ) At that point ascertain the gradual part ( in $ ) per consumed room/day during the off-season?Incremental Contribution = Revenue †Variable disbursalStay detached, no advertizement, and no pool.Incremental Contribution Margin: Entire Revenue †Entire Variable Expenses =20580-3524 = 17056 17056 = 2842.66 per room 6 Suites 2842.66 = 11.60 part outskirt per room per twenty-four hours 245 yearss Gradual Contribution Margin: Entire Revenue †Entire Variable Expenses =41,160 †7,291 =33869 33869 = 2822.41 per room 12 Suites 2822.41 = 11.52 Contribution Margin per room per twenty-four hours 245 yearss Gradual Contribution Margin: Entire Revenue †Entire Variable Expenses =30870 †5529 = 25341 Contribution Margin 25341 = 2815.66 per room 9 Suites 2815.66 = 11.49 Contribution Margin per room per twenty-four hours 245 yearss Variable Expenses =41,160 †7,291 = 33,869

Prewriting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Prewriting - Assignment Example 2. Is this paper focused on a specific crowd (a thoughtful, impartial, or unfriendly crowd)? Where was it distributed? This article is focused on understudies having a place with millennial age, examining pressure resistance techniques sent by them and dissecting their adequacy. The article was distributed by Project Innovation, Inc. in Spring Hill Station, Virginia (Southeast America). 3. What is the author’s reason for composing the exposition and their postulation (primary case)? The creators plan to consider ways of life displayed by undergrads of late ages and stress-taking care of methodologies embraced by them. Through an appraisal study of 246 understudies, the creators had the option to finish up on their postulation that these students are not overseeing pressure viably, in this way presenting themselves to high dangers of low pressure resistance. The writers for the most part guarantee through this exposition that individuals ought to make such conditions for their millennial age kids attending a university that they can figure out how to be autonomous and handle weight all alone. 4. What presumptions does the creator make about the subject of general/human sciences instruction (for example it is essential or obsolete, or ought to be adjusted, or is fruitful in specific situations)? The creators accept that school life is an unpleasant excursion for masses and trust it to be important to concentrate on the millennial ages relating to most recent a long time since they come up short on the develop capacities of adapting to pressure. Current conditions have driven them to receive techniques to battle pressure which are exceptionally insufficient and produce unfriendly impacts. The creators have painstakingly chosen and focused on topic for this paper comprises to issues of present day time. The creators anyway guarantee that their exploration will not be anticipated on or taken to be illustrative of the whole populace since they chose a constrai ned example size for their examination. Moreover, because of nature of research procedure received, circumstances and logical results relationship can't be precisely settled and needs further check. 5. What advances does the creator make? See underneath. Does the creator offer to purpose behind (model, with utilization of insights, master declaration, or individual experience)? Where and in what manner (should compose passage numbers)? Does the creator claim to feeling (for instance, with stacked modifiers)? Where and by what method (should compose section numbers)? Does the creator bid to our feeling of morals (what’s right or wrong) by indicating the person is reliable? Where and in what capacity (should compose section numbers)? The creators offer to reason that youthful ages think that its hard to adapt to pressure and utilize unfortunate intends to battle against it, bringing about uncommon repercussions. At different places in the article, the articles guard their persp ective with sensible and quantitative thinking remembering fragments for ‘Millennials and Stress’ passage (pp. 364), ‘Stress Tolerance’ section (pp. 365), ‘Results’ passage (pp. 368-71) and ‘Discussion’ passage (pp. 372-73). Furthermore, they additionally request to feeling by recommending how the youthful and honest ages need more consideration and parental help in dealing with pressure and social weights of accomplishing passing marks to get by in the profoundly serious society. This has been underlined in segments of ‘

Book Riots Deals of the Day for March 8th, 2019

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Using The Data - Free Essay Example

Using the data I collected from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, World Bank, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and the Trading Economics websites, I created a few graphs based on the information I found. The data indicates that the average unemployment rates were fairly low in 2006. There was actually a decrease in the average of new jobs created each month from the previous year. The numbers fell from 165,000 new jobs created each month in 2005 to 149,000 new jobs created each month in 2006. Thats a difference of 16,000 jobs. In addition to job growth being down, wages were reported to be at a record low in respect to the national income. The nation had not seen wages this low since we started keeping track of wage data in 1947. Not only did wages drop, but compensation for benefits dropped as well. On the other hand, 1947 was the last time the nation had seen profits grow as much as they did in 2006. The average rate of unemployment began to rise between 2007 and 2009. Between 2008 and 2009, the average unemployment rate skyrocketed to 9.28 percent. In December 2008, unemployment reached 11.1 million. The report prior to that had documented 632,000 unemployed people. The yearly average rate of unemployment reached a peak high in 2009, at 9.61 percent. In December 2009, the unemployment rate actually rose to 10 percent. Unemployment hadnt been that low since 1982. There was a gradual unemployment rate decrease in each of the following years. In September 2018, the unemployment rate dropped down to a low of 3.7 percent. It hadnt been that low since 1969.Based on the information from the graphs, its apparent that the economy took a drastic turn beginning in 2008. Yet things began to look bleak before 2008. As a result of higher energy costs and increased food prices, the yearly average rate of inflation for consumer prices rose dramatically from 2006 to 2008. Inflation rose from 2.226 percent in 2006 to a whopping 3.839 percent in 2008. Gas prices rose exceedingly high and so did the price of groceries. The cost of food went up by 4.9 percent. The average cost of gasoline went up by a staggering 29.6 percent. This was the largest percentage increase in gasoline prices since 1999. As prices rose, wage earners struggled to maintain their standard of living. Debt accumulated by consumers in 2006 were at record highs. Households with subprime loans couldnt afford the interest payments on their homes and subsequently became delinquent on their mortgages. Credit card defaults and bankruptcy cases also skyrocketed in 2006. On top of everything else, the US government racked up a massive amount of debt with foreign countries during 2006. Foreigners h eld 45 percent of the shares of US Treasury. Interest payments grew to a staggering 37.3 billion dollars. All of these factors set up 2007 for a rough beginning. Many subprime lenders filed for bankruptcy. This began to affect many other lending institutions in the US and abroad. In mid-2008, commodity prices fell. In September of that year, the financial crisis was officially in full swing. The average inflation rate then took a dive to an average of -0.356 in 2009. This isnt the lowest its ever been. However, the last time it dove this low was in 1955. It rose for the next two years in a row to an average of 3.157 percent in 2011. Inflation fluctuated the next few years and bottomed out again in 2015 at 0.119 percent. This was partly as a result of gas prices lowering to the lowest they had been since 2008-2009. Households were able to spend their extra money on other things. 2016 saw a rise in inflation to 1.262 percent. This was the result of the higher cost of gasoline, housing, and medical costs in the United States. 2017 also experienced an increase in inflation, averaging out to 2.13 percent. The United States has consistently maintained an unbalanced trade deficit. The United States stands as the second leading exporter in the world of goods and services. At first glance, that sounds like great news. The downside is that the United States ranks number one in the world on the number of goods and services it imports. Our dependence on others for oil is mostly to blame for this. Oil accounts for approximately 15 percent of the 80 percent of goods brought into the United States can be attributed to oil. Fortunately, advances have been made in respect to producing oil domestically. Capital goods account for another large portion of imports to the United States. These imports account for roughly 25 percent of all imports. Another 25 percent of imports can be attributed to consumer goods. These types of items include toys, pharmaceuticals, clothes, and electronics. Food represents approximately 5 percent of import tothe United States and services serve as approximately 20 percent. The deficit grew to an all-time high in 2006 of 5.8 percent. With that said, the United States made some gains in this area. Foreigners are investing more and more in American companies and American assets. Manufactured products, capital goods, and material goods credited to services. This portion of exports for the United States can be traced to two-thirds of the countrys exports. In 2006, the GDP in the United States grew 2.7 percent from the previous year. The absolute value of Americas GDP was measured at $13,855.89 million. In 2006, the United States ranked 12th in overall GDP. With that said, its important to mention that housing prices reached their highest in early 2006 and began a downward turn in late 2006 and early 2007. In 2007, the top five investment banks reported approximately $4.1 trillion in debt. This happenedto account for almost 30 percent of the United States GPD that year. Homeowners began to borrow against their home loans and the United States home mortgage debt rose to a total of $10.5 trillion and private debt rose to approximately 290 percent of GDP in 2008. In an attempt to boost the economy and GDP, Obama activated bailout packages for banks and the FED enforced near-zero interest rates. The economy slowly began to recover from 2009 to 2012. GPD didnt manage to reach the level it was in 2007 until 2011. In 2011, it was recorded that GDP in the United States rose 1.6 percent to $15,517.93 million. As you can see from the graph, the GDP in the United States steadily rose from that point until now. President trump has voiced that he would like to end 2018 with an overall increase in GDP of 3 percent. The Great Recession was that lengthiest recession since World War II. It officially started in December of 2007 and ended in June of 2009. The government put a couple notable fiscal stimulus programs to work in an effort to pull the country out of its slump. In 2008, Congress voted in favor of the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008. This stimulus package gave low income and middle-income households tax rebates. Depending on an individuals income and their marital status, they were given between $300 and $1,200. The package aimed to stimulate the economy by invigorating spending. Eligibility limits on mortgages were also adjusted in an effort to encourage more people to buy homes. The Act also allowed businesses to claim a depreciation allowance for eligible properties. Additionally, businesses were able to write off an additional amount of their investments on their taxes. In some ways the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 was successful. In some ways, it was not. The tax incentives for businesses and the rebates given to taxpayers helped the economy a little by increasing disposable income for spending. Unfortunately, the tax rebate checks issued to taxpayers didnt come early enough to stop the Great Recession from happening. Also, spending by the government wasnt balanced with the tax cuts. Regrettably, this created a five hundred-billion-dollar budget deficit. A policy the government implemented in response the Great Recession was the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. A tremendous amount of money was spent on this recovery program. The goal of this policy was to create new jobs in the job market to help individuals to get back into the workforce. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 included immediate relief for families through tax reductions, tax credits, and additional unemployment benefits. It included a reduction in the taxes withheld from individual tax returns. Those who were collecting veterans pensions, Supplemental Security Income benefits, and Social Security received additional payments. Congress extended the Alternative Minimum Tax shelter to the tune of seventy billion dollars. Families with three or more children were granted access to the child tax credit if they qualified as working poor. Between 2009 and April 2010, first-time homebuyers were granted an $8,000 tax credit. A $25,000 tax credit was also granted to students in 2009 and 2010. Sales tax was reduced on new car purchases in 2009. Those collecting unemployment benefits faired pretty well too. In 2009, their benefits were extended for an additional thirty-three weeks and the taxes on the first $2,400 they earned from unemployment was waived. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 also funded projects to modernize federal infrastructures in an effort to create new jobs I the economy. Health care was expanded through computerized medical records and the implemen tation of Obamas Affordable Care Act. Approximately one hundred and seventeen billion dollars was spent in an effort to improve the nations education system. The plan also spent approximately eighteen billion dollars for science research and technology. A portion of that money helped improve broadband infrastructure in inner city and rural locations to help boost competitiveness for businesses in those areas. Small businesses were given a total of fifty-four billion dollars in tax credits, loans, and tax deductions. Opinions on whether the policy was successful or not are mixed. Many found the policy to be too complicated and had difficulty understanding if they qualified for any of the benefits. Some even felt as though their taxes had gone up as opposed to going down. Small business owners felt that the guaranteed loans promised to them were difficult to achieve. There was a lot of criticism on how much money was spent on education and unemployment. There were critics who thought there should have been more money allocated for other areas of concern. Many suggested that the plan had too many obstacles in the way to make it effective. However, the reported numbers reflected between 1.6 and 1.8 million jobs had been created through the plan. The number of saved jobs was almost double that amount. Those who support classical economics have the belief that the government should intercede as little as possible in the case of a recession. Those who are supporters of the Keynesian view believe the opposite. They are full supporters of the government stepping in through fiscal policy to get over a recession. The decline of the economy during the Great Recession was primarily due to the financial systems inability to support the financial debacle it created it the first place. The economy had gotten to such a deplorable state that there was no way the government could have exclusively exercised the Classical perspective of economics. There was no choice but for the government to step in with monetary and fiscal policies to spark the economy. Consumer spending came to a halt, and many workers were hopeless in finding employment. The economy had no way to recover without the governments assistance. Creating new jobs, saving the j obs about to be lost, and providing people with money to put back into the economy was the best solution the government could have taken. The economy cant grow unless Americans have money in their pockets to build it back up. There is one policy implemented during the Great Recession that is still affected my family in the worst possible way. The policy I am referring to is the Affordable Health Care for America Act. When Obama was running for his second term in office, one of his platforms was that he wanted to make healthcare affordable for everyone. At the time, my family had health care. I was well aware that there were many families who werent as fortunate. I really felt like all American citizens deserve to have health care. My husband and I had many arguments over the issue. Little did I know, I would regret every argument I put up in favor of Obamas idea. To this day, I count my ballot for Obama one of the biggest and most regrettable mistakes of my life. Once the Affordable Health Care for America Act was put into action, our health care premium shot up from three hundred and fifty dollars a month to eight hundred and ninety-five dollars a month. The coverage wasnt even close to comparable to our old health coverage. After a few months of paying the new premium, we dropped our plan. We found that paying the tax fine at the end of the year and paying for doctor appointments and prescriptions in cash, were far less expensive than paying the outrageous premiums forced upon us by the Affordable Health Care for America Act. Ill admit that I appreciated the extra money the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 put in my pocket. Unfortunately, I cant say that I assisted a great deal in building the economy with it. Most of it was spent on credit card debt and bills.

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Death Of A Salesman And Freuds Analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2049 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/27 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Death Of A Salesman Essay Sigmund Freud Essay Did you like this example? Death of a Salesman in Relation to Freuds Analysis of Id, Ego, and Superego The complexities of human nature and familial relationships drive Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman. Though perhaps not deliberately meant as a psychological drama in the Freudian sense, Miller nonetheless has provided decades of analysis of human relationships via this play. The playwright created perfect vehicles for analysing human traits through a dysfunctional family whose actions and interrelationships magnify the basic Freudian concept of the human psyche. Throughout the play, Miller delineates intense drama that compares to what Freud labelled basic human components which govern an individuals entire behavioural pattern: the id, ego, and superego (Freud, Ego 10). These human elements are woven around a family whose central father figure, Willy Loman, an overly conflicted sixty-something salesman, drives and divides his family through psychological interplay, particularly between himself and his son Biff. Willy Lomans id, that part of Freuds most basic aspect of human development, refuses to accept the idea of failure. He possesses the innate idea that life is about taking what is wanted, what is needed in order to make a good impression. He passes this attitude to his sons, Biff and Happy (Harold), and their lives reflect this uncontrolled id. They appear to be guided by what Freud determined as the pleasure principle or the id which demands immediate gratification of all desires, wants, and needs (Cherry, 1). The real dilemma emerges when these needs are not instantaneously met. Anxiety, depression, and tension result. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Death Of A Salesman And Freuds Analysis" essay for you Create order In Arthur Millers description of the sons, he draws the picture of two well-built, athletic young men who are lost. Biffs mother comments that Biff is just lost, has not found himself yet; that is the reason he came back from Texas, no steady job, nothing certain in his life (Miller 8). The reasons for this discomfort in Biffs life emerge throughout the play. On the other hand, Happy appears more content, a powerfully built, sexually attractive young man, but underneath his outward display of bravado, Happy too has no direction in life. This becomes more evident when the two brothers talk about life in their old shared bedroom. Happy insists that 500 women would like to know what was said in this room (Miller 11). The talk continues in this vein interspersed with comments from their father who is actually talking to himself about days gone by in another part of the house. However, all the conversation and sub-talk demonstrate that none of the three grasp the idea that every need and desire cannot be immediately satisfied. To counter these three, Miller draws other characters into the action, Willy Lomans wife Linda attempts to drag her husband back to reality but with a gentleness borne of love. As Freud explained, the its control mechanism comes in the form of the ego which develops from the id and ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world (Freud, Childhood 3). Miller puts Linda in as a surrogate ego for her husband. However, Linda is not the only character attempting to draw Willy and the boys into reality, his neighbour and the only friend I have helps Willy with money and offered friendship (Miller 71). Willys id allows him to take weekly money from Charley, the immediate needs of paying bills and gratification must be met, but his ego refuses to accept the reality that he, Willy Loman, is not the greatest salesman ever and therefore cannot even bring himself to believe he failed as a salesman and accept a job offered by his only friend Charley. Happy is drawn into the Willy world too. He cannot face the reality that he is not a top manager in his work, but merely as Biff reminds him late in the play, a lowly third level errand boy. Happys sense of reality is underdeveloped, his ego suppresses itself in the id, the childlike man whose gratifications come from sexual exploits and he brags about these to his brother. His bragging rights extend to the fact that he knocks over women who are engaged to be married to his managers, this is the third executive Ive done it to (Miller 15). While the boys reminisce and cover their own inadequacies with false bravado, their father and mother play out the drama of id and ego in other parts of the house. Linda placates her husband, she loves him although underneath she recognizes his weaknesses and faults, but she refuses to let Willy down. In this she is keeping the id, the child in Willy alive, rather than allowing him to grow up, to let his conscience develop and recognize that reality kicks in and must be faced. For example in an early bedroom scene, Willy is facing himself in the mirror and he does not like his reflection. Im fat, or I talk too much comments in this vein and Linda, out of a misplaced sense of love, says he is the handsomest man (Miller 24). Linda infantilizes her husband; she only wants to keep his dreams alive, afraid that if he faces reality, he will self-destruct. Neither his sons nor Willy himself manage to adapt to reality. This becomes more evident throughout the drama as the tension between Willy and his beloved son Biff draw to a head. Biff admits to his brother that he drifts from job to job, held more than twenty or thirty jobs since he left home before the war (Miller 13). But every time Biff works himself to a point of facing reality, his brother or mother, his pal, will not let this happen (Miller 38-39). They fear Willys reaction as he still envisions Biff as the high school athlete, the hero destined for great things (Miller 44-45). As Biff attempts to face reality, allow his conscience to come full circle, his attempts are thwarted by Linda and Biff. What Miller leads up to in the drama is the tension between Biff and his father which revolves around an incident that destroyed Biff when he was only seventeen and was the underlying reason for calling Willy a fake. This conflict and tension exploded when Biff was turning a corner at age seventeen from an overdeveloped id to a fractional ego (Padel 270). Finding his father in a Boston hotel room with a woman cracked Biffs delicate sense of reality and from that moment he drifted, left home, left any prospects of college, or becoming a football star. Biffs budding ego deflated at the sight of his fathers promiscuity, betrayal of Linda, from which he ran for over seventeen years (Brenner 400). Miller leaves his audience to determine if Biff returned home because as he himself admits Im no good and further announces his thievery, time in jail for this crime, and wishes finally to face reality, by begging Willy to let me go (Miller 99). The next level in Freuds psychological profile is the superego. According to Brenner this superego is a functionally separable structure (Brenner 397). The superego rules standards for good behaviour (Cherry 3). Because the superego holds all of our internalized moral standards and ideals and is the last component of Freuds behavioural model to develop, Biffs return to confront Willy after seventeen years away demonstrate perhaps that he finally recognized the path toward personal redemption (Cherry 4; Brenner 400). While Biff struggles with this newly discovered sense of right or moral behaviour, his father and brother debase him for facing this challenge (Miller 98-100). Linda too refuses to allow anyone, even her beloved Biff, to present this reality challenge to Willy. Rather than accept that Biff is struggling to find a moral compass, Linda turns away from her son, demanding he leave and never return (Miller 91-92). Throughout the drama, Linda and Happy and Willys friend Charley, brush away the fact that Willy failed all his life. His dreams were unattainable, as Charley says at the graveside Willy was a salesman and that a salesmans got to dream, boy. It comes with the territory (Miller 104). In those salesmans dreams Willys superego never had a chance. His dreams came in the form of his dead brother Ben who left home poor and three years later was a rich man, he had discovered diamonds in Africa. Though dead, Bens image appears to Willy during the drama, he insists that Willy should join him. Come on kid, he beckons, its a good life but not until the final scene on the cement stoop when Willy is fruitlessly planting seeds, does he listen to what his brothers image is telling him (Miller 101). This becomes Willys direction, and the tension created by his overdeveloped id which needs instant gratification, oversteps the boundaries of reality, or the ego as Willy begins to contemplate his final act (Brenner, 402; Cherry 3; Miller 100-101). Willys suicide, the Death of a Salesman, exhibits the pathos of a confused and yet loveable character. He leaves behind a wife, alone and free of debt, and who says today I made the last payment on the house, were free, were free, and therell be nobody home (Miller 104). Charley emphasizes to Biff at the graveside, that no one dast blame the man (Miller 103). Willy had his dreams, but the final analysis draws itself from Willys intent, his separation of id, ego, and superego. It becomes obvious from the plays very beginning that Willys senses of right and wrong had no real boundaries or balance. Freud made clear that he believed individuals acquire their sense of right and wrong from both parents and society (Freud, Ego 15). In the analysis of the conscious or the ego Freud maintains that even in sleep or dreams, the conscious the ego develops repressions including those which control our sense of right and wrong (Freud, Ego 17). The nature, origins, and timing of conflict and compromise formation in mental development occur at various stages of life, beginning at birth with the id, and according to Freud, the other levels of our behaviour come during an individuals earliest years. It is only the id which announces itself immediately. A baby automatically reaches for its mother for food, while parents, according to Freud, prepare the foundation of right and wrong, the ego and superego (Cherry 3-4). In Willy Lomans case, his father deserted the family when he was a young boy, his mother died and apparently Willy had little contact with her. Therefore according to Freuds theor ies, Willys senses developed by supplementing in his own mind qualities of likeability, the smile brought rewards and success. Willy brought his own boys up to believe as a gospel truth. This gospel according to Willy became a destabilizer for both Happy and Biff, however, in different ways. At the graveside, Biff acknowledges that his fathers dreams were all wrong but he, Biff, finally knows who he is. But Happy in an angry reaction to his brothers honesty rejects this reality and claims Im gonna show you and everybody else that Willy Loman did not die in vain. He had a good dream its the only dream you can have to come out number one man. He fought it here and this is where Im gonna win it for him (Miller 104). Freuds analysis of the delicate balance between the three components of the human psyche, the id, ego, and superego regenerate in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman to be studied, analyzed, and argued over and will continue to be interrogated through the brilliance of this stunningly crafted American drama. Works Cited Brenner, Charles. Conflict, Compromise Formation, and Structural Theory. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 2002. 10. pp. 397-416. Web. Accessed June 5 2018. Cherry, Kendra. The Id, Ego and Superego. The Structural Model of Personality. 2018. Web. Accessed 5 June 2018. Freud, Sigmund. Childhood and Concealing Memories. Psychopathology of Everyday Life. Trans. by A. A. Brill. 1901. Web. Accessed 4 June 2018. Freud, Sigmund. The Ego and the Id. Trans by Joan Riviere. Hogarth Press: London, 1927. Web. Accessed 4 June 2018. Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. 1949. Web. Accessed 5 June 2018. Padel, John Hunter. Freudianism: Later Developments, in Richard Gregory ed., The Oxford Companion to the Mind. Oxford, 1987. pp. 270-1. Web. Accessed 4 June 2018. Sandage, Scott A. Born Losers: A History of Failure in America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005. Print. St. Clair, Michael. Object Relations and Self Psychology: An Introduction. 2000. Brooks/Cole Counseling, an imprint of Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning. Print.

Contagious Zoonotic Viral Skin Disease - 1050 Words

Contagious Ecthyma (Orf) Sarah Woods VT5, Student December 16, 2015 Disease Name: Contagious Ecthyma (Orf) is a highly contagious zoonotic viral skin disease that affects sheep, goats and can affect other animals. The genital lesions are painful they can occur on the mouth, genital area, and feet. and happen on the mouth and muzzle. Which all together can cause anorexia or starvation. Lesions that occur on the utter can make offspring flee away. The foot lesions can make it hard to walk. In bad cases secondary bacterial infection can happen and infect the internal organs. A lot of the sever cases happen in the Boer cross goats. Which are making that were developed in south Africa for making meat. The result of death is generally low about 10% have been reported. Etiologic Agent: †¢ Results in infection by the Orf virus. Which is a member of the Genus Parapoxvirus in the family Poxviridae. †¢ Geographic Distribution: †¢ Has been found worldwide in all countries that raise sheep. In the US this disease is seen a lot in the western states. Host/Species Affected †¢ found on the skin that cause lesions and scabs or cuts. †¢ This virus can be carried by clinically normal sheep as well as sick animals. †¢ It can be transmitted by directed contact †¢ visible on the wool for about 1 month after the lesions are healed †¢ It is hard to kill and has even be discovered after 12 years under a scab †¢ There are vaccines available however theyShow MoreRelatedThe And Food Safety And Security5803 Words   |  24 Pagesand transmission. Also under which conditions it takes place and its relation to humans-animal food safety and security. Firstly, Zoonoses are those diseases that are transferred from animals to human from different medium such as bacterial, viral of an animal host. It is spreads to humans through scratch, ingestion or bite. Impact of zoonotic diseases on human civilization means a lot by shaping modern societies, governments and farming practices. Secondly, details description of its emergence andRead MoreKeeping Your Dog Healthy Essay1000 Words   |  4 Pagesand Lepto. â€Å"During Vaccination, modified bacteria, a parasite or virus is administered to your pet by injection or intra-nasally (though the nose). â€Å"The vaccination triggers an immune response within your pet’s body to protect against a specific disease.† According to The American Veterinary Medical Association, these vaccinations are usually â€Å"scheduled approximately three to four weeks apart, with the final vaccination series being administered when they are 12 to 16 weeks old.† On the â€Å"Dog Time†Read MoreMechanism Of Infectious Disease Control1607 Words   |  7 PagesMechanism of Infectious Disease Control In today’s global world infectious disease has become a major concern for the world. They can spread from one end of the globe to the other in a matter of days. 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Over 50 million peopleRead More Lymphosarcoma in Horses Essay3056 Words   |  13 PagesAnimal Diseases, Pathology and Immunology Research Project Lymphosarcoma in Horses Horses typically do not get cancer. When they do it is generally Lymphosarcoma and, unfortunately, it is usually lethal. Cancer generally strikes anywhere from 4-10 years of age. Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells that develop in to masses, or tumors. These tumors can hide anywhere on such a large animal. There are four typical types of lymphosarcoma in the horse. They are generalized (multi-centric)Read MoreEbola Virus1830 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Ebola Virus Ebola virus (EBOV) is considered to be one of the most belligerent contagious agents and has an ability to cause highly fatal hemorrhagic fever syndrome that results in human and non-human primate’s death (NHPs) during the days of exposure. The first notification of the virus was mentioned in the Ebola River valley in Zaire for the time of an outburst in 1976. Moreover, the outbursts have appeared in Africa over the following 27 years, with death rates that differ from 50 to 90%.Read MoreWorld of Leptospirosis2684 Words   |  11 Pagesinfection affecting both humans and animals. It is acquired through direct contact with the urine of infected animals or by contact with a urine-contaminated environment such as floodwater, soil, and plants. The bacteria enter the body through broken skins, eyes, nose or mouth. As of October 26, the Department of Health (DOH) has recorded a total of 2,158 cases including 167 deaths. Leptospirosis cases in Metro Manila have increased by as much as 174 percent since last year. Leptospirosis cases reached

Comparing Catherine MacKinnons Not A Moral Issue and...

Comparing Catherine MacKinnons Not A Moral Issue and Sallie Tisdale’s Talk Dirty to Me Professor’s Comment: This powerful essay contrasts the views of two feminist, Catherine MacKinnon and Sallie Tisdale, each of which perceives pornography in widely divergent ways. While MacKinnons Not A Moral Issue explains the adverse impacts of pornography to women and society as a whole, Tisdales Talk Dirty to Me: An Intimate Philosophy of Sex is receptive to pornography despite these adverse impacts, suggesting in fact that the solution to the problems associated with pornography is a greater role of women in production of that pornography. Breasts and booties, buns and knockers. Type these words into a search field and be prepared.†¦show more content†¦MacKinnons radical feminism focuses on aspects of sexuality that victimize and oppress women, whereas the liberal-minded Tisdale focuses on ways women can overcome sexual repression and achieve sexual liberation through the consummation of pornography. Catharine MacKinnon, in her article Not A Moral Issue, calls the need for feminist critique of pornography pertinent, as it is central to the institutionalization of male dominance (407). The power dynamics presented in pornography, MacKinnon believes, uphold ideologies of gender inequality. Men treat women as who they see women being. Pornography constructs who that is, she writes (MacKinnon 408). To MacKinnon, in depicting women as sexually obedient and submissive, pornography buttresses the archetypal roles of women as passive objects wanting abuse. Pornography constructs women and sex, defines what woman means and what sexuality is, in terms of each other(MacKinnon 414), she says. MacKinnon believes that pornography creates an open forum for sexual terrorism by men, in which women are discriminated against and male dominance is expected. Tisdale, on the other hand, argues for the necessity of pornography as a medium that can bring sexual freedom to men and women alike, and help defeat such stereotypical female roles of passivity and weakness. As she explains: I dont†¦ want a world in which

Member of the Wedding Free Essays

The Member of The Wedding, Carson McCullers Main Characters: Frankie Addams is a twelve year old who in the middle of a sexual and emotional awakening. She feels totally isolated and disconnected from the world all around her. She isn’t a member of any clique or group, because of this she becomes obsessed with the fact that she is going to be a member of her brother Jarvis’ wedding. We will write a custom essay sample on Member of the Wedding or any similar topic only for you Order Now Frankie puts all her hopes in dreams into this one event and plans to make. Connection with another group of people, and to disconnect herself from being lonely again. Getting away from childhood is a hard task for her and she has trouble with it, she tries to make changes on the outside to get a better impression but that is a fail. Her biggest struggle is getting over something’s that relate to being a female adult like getting her menstruation cycle and sex, Frankie is extremely ignorant when it comes to these two subjects. My first impression of Frankie is that someone needs to teach her how to grow up. Setting: Frankie Addams is a 12 year old living in the American south in 1944. Summary: Frankie Addams is a young 12 year old living in the American South, the book is about her main frustration with feeling like she doesn’t belong as a member in any group and that she’s disconnected from the world all around her. She is the daughter of a jeweler and a mom who died during child birth. She spends most of her time being obsessed with her brothers wedding. Frankie tries to find unity with other people and this causes major conflict in the story. When Frankie tries to grow up and become apart of the adult world she notices that there is some stuff she doesn’t like about the adult world. One major thing she didn’t like is that married couples only include two people which makes her not apart of her dream of being a threesome with Jarvis and Janice. Bernice helped Frankie understand what she needed to know about the adult world and some of the struggles of being an adult. My favorite passage was â€Å"Bernice tells of a couple she knows in which a woman fell in love with a man who later had a sex change. † that was my favorite because it was so funny. My first impression was to laugh. Conclusion: I liked the ending of the story because it kind of gave some insight on how Frankie matured a little, I wouldn’t change the end. How to cite Member of the Wedding, Essay examples

Beverage Market in Strategy and Execution

Question: Discuss about the Beverage Market in Strategy and Execution. Answer: Introduction With the people growing into becoming more fitness conscious, the non carbonated beverage section is becoming one of the rapidly budding businesses. This report rests on the analysis, interpretation and advocacy of a case study of Hammer Wines Company who wishes to expand into non-alcoholic beverages. A successful trial of its fruit juices was conducted by the companys Director of Marketing exclusively for four months over regions in Australia, through retail liquor stores. In the virtue of the details furnished in the spreadsheet, the report highlights an analysis and examination of the data, the factors to be evaluated, prior final decisions along with recommendations. Analysis of the marketing potential for each flavor An imperative step before heading forward with a product is to ascertain its market potential. When it is about commencing a new product the company should possess a concrete marketing strategy not only to engage existing customers but also be endowed with appealing potential customers (Akaichi, Gil, and Nayga, 2012). Whether be it marketing of a new product or introducing a new product to the business line, both successful launching of the product garner awareness is likely to influence the success of a product. Chart shows the sale of each flavor in four months. The company has trailed with Almond, Cranberry. Lime soda, Mango Delight, Raspberry and Triple Shot Espresso flavors. Data provided in the spreadsheet illustrates that the Almond flavor has been apprehended by the customers the most, followed by Triple Shot Espresso and Mango delight. A positive trend is observed in sales of triple shot espresso, mango delight, and cranberry. It is evident from the graph that Lime soda flavor is showing a steep decline in sales in four months. Subsequently, raspberry despite being less popular among people is showing more or less deflection in the sales. The market trend highlights the unpopularity of lime soda flavor amongst the customers. Analysis of marketing potential of different regions Chart is showing Region wise sales in four months. When the sales of mixer drinks are assorted region wise, QLD NT show the highest sale. It is noticeable that sales in NSW and WA and SA are reflecting a downward inclination in subsequent months. However, the trend is not so disheartening. The company can in future promote awareness among the people via advertisement, highlighting the features of each and every flavor. Analysis of marketing potential of different retailers In the absence of services from retailers, new products cannot be popularized properly in the market. This is because the retailer has a direct contact with the customer. Chart is showing retailer wise trail sales. The Graph is displaying sales generated by the retailers in four months of trail conducted. Minimal sales have been induced by Duncan retailer throughout the trail period. The actual cause for minimal sales needs to be enquired into. The manner in which the consumers make a purchasing decision has altered dramatically. Pricing could be one of the factors. Adequate promotional measures can be resorted to boosting sales in case of Dan Murphy. Analysis of the results The sales generated by Hammer Wines reveals positive trends for its trail of mixer drinks with rising adoration for flavors of almond, mango and triple shot espresso. Revenue origination is nominal from Duncan retailer depicting poor performance. The trends are all positive when it is region wise sale. The companys marketing group has not considered similar flavors that are already existent in the market being furnished by the competitors. Unless the company is very fortunate enough to bring an entirely new product into the market, it is significant to assess the number of competitors prevailing in the market and their share in the current market through the popularity of their drinks (Nakamura et al., 2014). Another factor that has not been highlighted upon is the marketing effort and promotion of flavors adopted by the company if at all they were considered. Factors influential to introduction of a new product An introduction of a new product is influenced by factors such as the pricing strategy adopted for different flavors, cost of production incurred to achieve the final flavors, technology used for the product, transport facilities to enhance the supplies of the products, cost of inputs, such as raw material, equipment followed by different policies implemented by the government such as industrial policy, fiscal policy and prices of the complementary goods and prices of the substitute flavors, provided by the competitors (Ni Mhurchu et al., 2015) .Market Research is regarded to be key when it comes to introducing a new product in the market. It provides decisive information and direction through identification of the needs and wants of the market, product features, pricing, and channels of distribution. While test marketing the product it is vital to emphasize on the following: Ensuring that the flavors hold the features the customer desires, 2. ensuring the willingness of the customer to pay for the price asked, 3. Ascertain that the retailers are comfortable with selling the product (Loebnitz and Brring, 2015). When a goal constitutes generation of revenue and building up of strong customer base through marketing of its new product, the company should recite to targeted marketing strategy (Eshuis, Braun, and Klijn, 2013). Through identification of the target market, the company can highlight its benefits and characteristics of the product. The company should resort to marketing mix to reach out the target market through advertising and media (O'Cass and Heirati, 2015). The executive should weigh innumerable information before deciding whether to turn on with his new product. Pricing strategy applies to both marketing and product as it possesses a considerable amount of guesswork (Davidson and Simonetto, 2005). Conclusion The trail conducted by hammer wines company and the supporting data provided in the spreadsheet gives a fair view about the likeliness of the flavors by the customers in the market prior to introduction of the product. The company can work on the flaws experienced during the trial to avoid failure of its product in the future. Competitors are likely to be present in the industry which too needs to be considered. The research can be initiated primarily through collection and examination of competitors and competitors products. Industry surveys, directories of membership of industry organization, abstracts from local chambers of commerce and state agencies (Das and Mukherjee, 2007). An assimilation of all factors directly influential are to be considered for the success of the product. Recommendations from the Analysis Hammer Wines Company is recommended to provide product discounting policies, to regions with a considerable response. Retailers exhibiting maximum contribution towards the revenue experienced in a trial should be given more preference. Specific region or retailer can be dropped as the margins are low, and uptake is not high. Commemorate that the market potential has never been a static concept. It advances with the general economy and political environment. On the introduction of new flavored drinks, adequate promotional measures are to be implemented for boost and recognition of the flavors amongst the customers despite completion from its competitors. References Akaichi, F., Gil, J. and Nayga, R. (2012). Assessing the market potential for a local food product.British Food Journal, 114(1), pp.19-39. Das, P. and Mukherjee, S. (2007). Modeling of Customer Preferences on Product Features and Comparing the Competitors' Performances.Quality Engineering, 20(1), pp.53-62. Davidson, A. and Simonetto, M. (2005). Pricing strategy and execution: an overlooked way to increase revenues and profits.Strategy Leadership, 33(6), pp.25-33. Eshuis, J., Braun, E. and Klijn, E. (2013). Place Marketing as Governance Strategy: An Assessment of Obstacles in Place Marketing and Their Effects on Attracting Target Groups.Public Administration Review, 73(3), pp.507-516. Loebnitz, N. and Brring, S. (2015). Consumer Acceptance of New Food Technologies for Different Product Categories: The Relative Importance of Experience versus Credence Attributes.Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 27(4), pp.307-317. Nakamura, R., Pechey, R., Suhrcke, M., Jebb, S. and Marteau, T. (2014). Sales impact of displaying alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in end-of-aisle locations: An observational study.Social Science Medicine, 108, pp.68-73. Ni Mhurchu, C., Brown, R., Jiang, Y., Eyles, H., Dunford, E., and Neal, B. (2015). Nutrient profile of 23 596 packaged supermarket foods and non-alcoholic beverages in Australia and New Zealand.Public Health Nutr., 19(03), pp.401-408. O'Cass, A. and Heirati, N. (2015). Mastering the complementarity between marketing mix and customer-focused capabilities to enhance new product performance.Jnl of Bus Indus Marketing, 30(1), pp.60-71.

Corporate Governance and Leadership Ethics

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance and Leadership Ethics. Answer: Leadership is an unusual position that is assigned to a person because of the organizational position that it has. The leader is something that dictates the actions of people who are working under the leader. The leaders can be good or bad, which depends hugely on the characteristics of leaders itself. Quality leaders do set examples by doing something, which is good for the humanity. However, the shadow part of leaders is such that they force the people working under them for any of their desirable works (Bethel 2012). The belief, which says that leaders are essential to make ethical decisions in the modern era of working environment, is not entirely true. This is because of several reasons, which would be mentioned in the paragraphs to follow. It has become a topic of debate that leaders are essential for making ethical decisions. This does not hold true in the modern era of working environment (Champoux 2016). Leaders, which have shadow part of leadership characteristics, can neve r make effective ethical decisions. One of the most powerful examples to support the fact can be extracted from the leadership styles of Ex-US President George Bush who willingly let the attack of planes happened to the World Trade Centre. It was termed as a terrorist attack, which most of the scientific researchers have proved wrong. The scientific evidences indirectly proved that Mr. Bush did intentionally make this happen. This is one of the examples of the modern era, which has supported the debate on the topic that leaders are not essential for making ethical decisions (Ciulla 2014). For those who think that leadership quality is necessary for making ethical decisions, they have rather the positive connotation about the leaders. They think that leaders are always good, which is very impractical from the perspectives of many believers. They do so because of the fact that history has a long list of leaders that have left a solid impression on the world of history. However, it does not at all mean that all the leaders would be of the same quality. To understand the debate between two groups on the subject topic, it is very important to understand first the modern factsheet behind the crowning of leaders (Conger and Riggio 2012). In the modern era of business or practical life, leaders are selected because of some skills that are operational based. They are hardly checked for behavioural aspects. The growing competition in the modern era in between the organization has somehow forced the organization in thinking for such leaders, which are productive. The biggest poi nt of concentration has now shifted to the production only. The personnel who are well experienced in the required domain of working, they are mostly preferred for the post of leaders (Cooper 2012). Quality leaders have hardly any demand in the changing scenario of business. For example, Vijay Mallya from India who is the CEO of Kingfisher airlines, it has several of corruption recorded to its credit. The world was respecting the particular person and was seeing to him with utter love. However, the perception is changing now because of the scandal cases, which are registered on to his credit. This is one of the simplest example that proves that it is not necessary that leaders are the only who can make essential and effective ethical decisions (Crane and Matten 2016). Mallya was found unethical with the help of caught scandal cases. It is also important to understand the different kinds of responsibilities that are bound to happen once someone is hired as a leader. This would certainly help in narrowing down the discussion that leaders in the modern era are not essential for making ethical decisions. The selection of leader also gives a collection of characteristics that are well expected from the selectors. The expected characteristics are such as power issues, information, privilege, responsibility and loyalty. Leaders who possess all the mentioned characteristics are good for the society and the organization. However, in the modern era of leadership, the definition and characteristics of leadership have been shifted to a new direction (Day and Antonakis 2012). The leadership is now more of power, which inspires most of the leaders of the modern era. According to Harvard Business Professor Rosabeth Kanter, for most of the Americans, power is the last dirty thing that they aspire of. According to her, in the mo dern era, having discussions on money and sex is the easiest of the tasks. However, it is very difficult to think on something, which is human. Some of the leaders in America have always proved their worth to the world. They are more of dominating character, which they can never sacrifice for anything. The importance of humanity has less importance in the sight of such leaders. Mr. Bush has already proved one of such examples in the accident of World Trade Centre. Unfortunately, abusive nature of power is very common in the modern era. Some of the most brutal leaders have proved the point right that leaders are not bound to make essential ethical decisions (Gasper 2016). There is a huge gap in between the kinds of leaders in the ancient time and the modern era. It does not mean that ancient leaders were not bad. One of the worst examples of ancient leaders is of Hitler whose activities were very inhuman. Hitler used to put Jews into gas chambers just because Hitler was a Christian. However, in the ancient times, world has also saw a number of ideal leaders that were good for the humanity. Some of the examples are such as Mahatma Gandhi, and John F. Kennedy who dictated the leadership style in a way, which is very different to that of Mr. Bush. This is an undeniable fact that the production of great leaders has been reduced to a considerable amount. Leaders that are not good are bound to make mistakes because power is the only concern for them. Some examples of brutal leaders do very well illustrate the fact behind the topic. Mahatma Gandhi is even respected amongst its haters. This is because of the fact that Gandhi was good for humanity. British mig ht not like the person because of the number of protests, which the person has posed to the British. However, they never ignore the sheer potential of Gandhi (Hollander 2012). In the modern era, there are several kinds of leaders, which are widely acknowledged not because of their love for human but because of their business success. One big name in this regard is of Bill Gates who is the CEO of Microsoft Corporation. The person has turned the destiny o to his favour; however, it is very difficult to say that if the leader does also has the ideal leadership quality in him. One most important fact in this regard is the distribution of power, which favours more to the leaders. They are the one who has a high rate of access to the unlimited kinds of powers. These are some of the reasons that prove that leaders are believed to make ethical decisions in the modern era. However, the fact is little different from the common perceptions of its followers. In spite of having maximum access to the in numerous resources of the organization, leaders are not very effective in making ethical decisions. For example, Unilever in Pakistan was criticised for not paying the f ixed amount of minimum wages to the labours. However, they claimed to do so, which could not be proved from the perspectives of labours. This is one of such instances, which highlights the bad sight of leaders who cares more about their business but not about the human values (Johnson 2013). It would not fair to claim that all the modern leaders have no skills, which could enable them for making ethical decisions. To understand the gap in the modern time of leaders, it is necessary to understand the different kind of leaders that exist in the modern times. Based on the types of leaders, they can be categorised as incompetent, corrupted, and motivated (Tannenbaum, Weschler and Massarik 2013). Incompetent are those leaders that have less capacity to fight with the challenging situations. These kinds of leaders are danger for the productivity of business and also for its career. These leaders find it difficult to retain its jobs, which is indeed not good for both the organization and the leader itself. This is one of the reasons that are responsible for a huge alteration of leadership in most of the modern organizations. In order to achieve and maintain the competitive advantage in the market, organizations tend to do so (McKee, Kemp and Spence 2012). Corrupted are those le aders, which can go to any level for achieving their evil desire. Productivity is anything to such leaders. In course of doing this, they even play with the ethical values of human life. This is because of the fact that these leaders are criticised for their corrupted behaviours. Motivated are those groups of leaders that are in less numbers in the modern times. The CEOs of different multinational companies such as Walmart USA, Tesco UK, Unilever, PG, Nestle, Microsoft, apple and Samsung are some of the examples of such leaders, which are highly motivated. They tend to incept the same level of motivation into their followers. This is because of the fact that these multinational companies are immensely successful. These leaders inspire the vision of an ethical standard for leaders. These leaders can essentially make ethical decisions. However, number of such leaders is very less (Menzel 2012). A less number of productions of such leaders are supporting the fact that leadership is not essential to make ethical decision. Leaders are known and remembered for such works, which have high values for the human lives. However, this is indeed interesting to know that world is not devoid of leaders, it is rather devoid of great and ideal leaders. Leaders are supposed to make decisions that are good for both the humanity and the organization. However, numbers are increasing of such leaders that are productive from the business perspectives but they are not good for the human values. Making an ethical decision for the betterment of business and the humanity is of level task (Pardey 2016). Normal employee have no access to that level but it is worth mentioning that even trustable and experienced employees could also help the organization in making the ethical decision. This is not only limited to the leadership quality but it is also related to all those who have the capabilities but h ave never tried. One of such examples is of the CEO of KFC, which is giving a strong competition to the world famous McDonalds. At the time when the CEO thought of the concept, the one was not even known to its nearest of neighbours. However, by gradually deploying new and innovative ideas, it became one of the leading billionaire of the world. Some may argue that the leadership quality that was hidden inside has compelled the CEO in turning the odd things into his favour. However, the CEO was just a normal person; the person was not any leader at that time. This indeed is important to understand that leaders are born but they take time to prove their worth to this world (Sims and Quatro 2015). Moreover, this also means that leadership is not confined only to those people who are recognized faces and are serving the organization by being at the highest position. It is rather hidden things, which needs to be identified. This simply proves that leadership quality is not the one thing, which is required to make ethical decisions. It rather requires the understanding of ethical values and the personal credibility to deliver on the self created chances. Moreover, all the leaders are not efficient enough to make ethical decisions but only those who can turn the world into their favour (Pava 2015). Positioning someone to the leadership position does not hold any guarantee for the commencement of ethical decisions. It rather depends on the true leaders that are seldom born in this world. The ancient world has seen so many of such leaders; however, the rate of production has been reduced to a lower number in recent times. It would be very wise to conclude the study that effective leaders are essential for making ethical decisions; however, all the leaders are not necessarily effective in leadership. References Bethel, S.M., 2012.Making a difference: Twelve qualities that make you a leader. AudioInk. Champoux, J.E., 2016.Organizational behavior: Integrating individuals, groups, and organizations. Routledge. Ciulla, J.B. ed., 2014.Ethics, the heart of leadership. ABC-CLIO. Conger, J.A. and Riggio, R.E., 2012.The practice of leadership: Developing the next generation of leaders. John Wiley Sons. Cooper, T.L., 2012.The responsible administrator: An approach to ethics for the administrative role. John Wiley Sons. Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Day, D.V. and Antonakis, J., 2012. Leadership: Past, present, and future.The nature of leadership,2. Gasper, D., 2016. Ethics of development. Hollander, E., 2012.Inclusive leadership: The essential leader-follower relationship. Routledge. Johnson, C.E., 2013.Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage Publications. McKee, A., Kemp, T. and Spence, G., 2012.Management: a focus on leaders. Pearson Higher Education AU. Menzel, D.C., 2012.Ethics management for public administrators: Leading and building organizations of integrity. ME Sharpe. Pardey, D., 2016.Introducing leadership. Routledge. Pava, M., 2015.Leading with meaning: Using covenantal leadership to build a better organization. Macmillan. Sims, R.R. and Quatro, S.A., 2015.Leadership: Succeeding in the private, public, and not-for-profit sectors. Routledge. Tannenbaum, R., Weschler, I. and Massarik, F., 2013.Leadership and organization. Routledge.

#WCEU 2018 Comics w/ ThemeIsle ... Volunteer Roles, After Party, Speaker Sessions

Hey guys! As you probably already know, ThemeIsle will go to WordCamp Europe 2018 as a media partner (we mentioned it on several occasions in our posts). The road so far has been fun; we had to modify our agenda a bit and get involved in helping the organizers with the promotion of the event, both on social media and here, on the blog.After doing interesting interviews with members of the organizing crew, joyous  roundups with committed WordCamp-ers, and even an infographic comparing all the WCEU editions (from first  to current), this time around we have jokes for you! Illustrated jokes, that is, made by Christian Mirra.Weve been experimenting with comics for nine months now on our other blog, CodeinWP, and enjoyed it big time. So why not try it again here?We love volunteering at WordCamps so much, which is actually the reason why we created a three-panel comic strip only about volunteer roles. A hint to the official after party and a reference to the speaker  sessions will be the two stories that will complement the whole picture. Volunteer RolesIf youve joined the volunteer squad, make sure to check your job description and schedule before starting your shifts.Go to topWatching two presentations at onceHave you ever managed to attend all the sessions in an event? Probably not. According to the schedule, many great presentations will be  happening at the same time again this year. Also, several workshops were added to the agenda, too. So even more events will overlap.  Go to topParty like movie charactersWondering why Han Solo and his friends mistook the WCEU after party for their own? Because a retro-futuristic gathering  does sound like something that would be organized by your favorite Star Wars characters.And because aint no party like a #WCEU after party, of course.  Go to top That is all, fellow WordCamp-ers! If you like our special edition of these WCEU comics, show us some love via the comments section and social media, so other people c an smile as well.By the way, have you managed to set your priorities yet? Because lots of awesome activities will happen during these three days. Anyway, in case our agendas collide, we will definitely meet there. 🙂So, fill up with enthusiasm and coffee because WordCamp Europe is about to start in only a few days. Our team will be there volunteering, doing live interviews in the Media Room, attending workshops, helping WordPress grow during Contributors Day, and keeping up with all the parties.But thats just us. What are your plans for Belgrade? #WCEU 2018 #comics w/ ThemeIsle ... volunteer roles, after party, speaker sessions

3 Strategies for Getting a Promotion

3 Strategies for Getting a Promotion You’ve made yourself indispensable. You’re everybody’s go-to worker bee. There’s no project too difficult, no task too daunting for you, no crisis you can’t fix!   The trouble is, you feel like you’re doing the work of three people, but only getting the credit for your position. Even if there’s simply no room in the budget to give you a raise right now, it is possible to have your new responsibilities more accurately reflected in your job title. It’s not a silly thing to want your title to sum up what you do; this will make it much easier to represent yourself on your resume and on networking platforms like LinkedIn.Here are three guidelines to steer you in your quest for a title bump.1. Choose wiselyIt’s tempting to choose a trendy title like â€Å"Bliss Doula† or â€Å"Marketing Ninja,† but kitschy names like this can actually hurt your career. Choose a title that, while not boring, accurately represents your responsibilities, experience, and skills, and then sex it up only as much as you can without appearing ridiculous. The trick is to broadcast to the professional world exactly how capable you are- not to win any self-branding contests.2. Know your momentThere are good times and bad times to ask for a title bump- even one that’s totally deserved. If your extra work, the stuff you feel is â€Å"above and beyond,† could still reasonably fall under the clause in your job description that says â€Å"Other duties as required,† then chances are your boss or HR manager isn’t going to go for a title change. Wait until you have a really convincing argument. Document the scope of extra work you’re doing- particularly if you’ve taken over responsibilities from other positions.3. Make your caseIf you can show the extra weight you’re bearing, then you’ll have a much better time convincing the powers-that-be to give you that sexy title u pdate- and the prestige and swagger that come with it, even if only in your head.Go into the meeting prepared. Have a revised, written version of your job description that you can compare with the job description when you were hired. Compare your current duties to other positions within the company, or in the field. If you can prove you’re doing what the market recognizes as falling under a better title, any reasonable HR department will hear you out. Feel free to bring in research from GlassDoor or LinkedIn to help seal the deal.Whether or not you succeed, if you’re really going above and beyond, it might be time to ask. And if your higher-ups aren’t willing to recognize and reward you for the work you’re actually doing, that’s always a good thing to know.